Most cybercriminals use MS Office, PDF documents, JavaScript files, executables, and archives to distribute malware. Threat actors succeed after users execute ransomware by themselves.Įxamples of unreliable sources for downloading software are P2P networks like torrent clients, eMule, various free file hosting sites, freeware download pages, and other untrustworthy sites. Typically, users infect computers with ransomware via links or attachments in emails sent by cybercriminals, files downloaded from untrustworthy sources, fake installers for cracked/pirated software (or cracking tools), fake software updating tools, or Trojans. Paying for data recovery can be avoided by having a copy of files stored on a remote server or unplugged storage device.
Examples of different ransomware are Ggyu, MRN, and Helphack. Ransomware is malware that usually encrypts files, modifies filenames, and generates a ransom note. It can be avoided by removing ransomware from the infected operating systems as soon as possible. While active, ransomware can encrypt more files and spread over a local network. Paying a ransom is not recommended - the attackers may not provide a decryption tool even after the payment. Free data recovery is possible when a third-party decryption tool is available online or victims have a data backup. It is rarely possible to decrypt files without decryption tools purchased from threat actors behind ransomware attacks. A ransom note in the pop-up window warns victims not to rename files or try to decrypt them with third-party software because it may cause permanent damage to them.
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Screenshot of files encrypted by this ransomware:īoth ransom notes instruct victims to send an email to or to receive instructions on how to decrypt files (pay for their recovery). Also, it drops the " FILES ENCRYPTED.txt" file and displays a pop-up window containing ransom notes.Īn example of how Xrom ransomware modifies filenames: it renames " 1.jpg" to " " 2.png" to " and so forth. Xrom encrypts files and appends the victim's ID, email address, and the ". While examining malware samples submitted to the VirusTotal page, our team came across ransomware called Xrom, which belongs to the Dharma family.
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